002DA00112

Furnace


 

Phasing

Stratigraphic Matrix Diagram

Discussion

The plough-damaged remains of a metal working furnace, this feature survived as a circular area of chalk and clay. The function and structural techniques are very similar to furnace 002DD00049. A circular wall of chalk and clay appears to to been built first, with chalk lumps rammed inside it and then covered with a chalky clay matrix. On the east two large lumps of flint were built into the wall at the flue opening, an unusual choice as flint splinters and cracks when heated and cooled. To the east a shallow pit indicates the presence of the flue. At the junction of the flue pit several lumps of charcoal from branches circa 3cm in diameter were wedged in and around the flint blocks. The wall and the base were made of a chalky clay matrix burnt  to a red-orange colour.
 

All Contexts and Associated Finds Totals

MASTER CUT FILL VOLUME OBJECTS AN BONE DENSITY
002DA00112   002DA00116   7 1  
    002DA00117        
  002DA00251 002DA00250   1 2  
    002DA00256        
    002DA00287        
    002DA00288        

Structural Details

Master 002DA00112

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
002DA00112 FURNACE FIGURE 8 305 190 21 FLAT MASTER NUMBER OF LARGE IRON FURNACE IN 2DA.ONLY LOWER PART OF STRUCTURE-FOUNDATION:LWR PART WALL&BASE:&PIT AT E.SURVIVE. ABOVE Nos REPRESENT THESE.
002DA00116 FURNACE FLOOR SUB-CIRCULAR 60 60 10 FLAT SEE NOTEBOOK FOR FULL DETAILS. INNER PART OF FURNACE FLOOR-SITS DIRECTLY OVER STONE FOUNDATION. OF BURNT CLAY & CHALK:SIMILAR TO 117 BUT MINUS CHARCOA
002DA00117 FURNACE BASE SUB-CIRCULAR 111 111 9 FLAT SEE NOTEBOOK FOR FULL DETAILS. OUTER PART OR RING21cmDa OF FURNACE BASE-SURROUNDS 116. CONSISTS OF BURNT CLAY&CHALK ON TOP OF FOUNDATION WITHIN WALL.
002DA00250 FLUE PIT FILL OVATE 108 90 32 FLAT FILL OF POSS FLUE PIT TO E. OF IRON FURNACE.LARGE AMOUNTS CHARCOAL:A FEW SCRAPS ANIM BONE:A FEW PIECES FURNACE WALL. SEE NOTEBOOK:PHOTOs FOR DETAILS.
002DA00251 FLUE PIT CUT OVATE 108 90 32 FLAT BASED V CUT OF POSS FLUE PIT IMM ADJACENT TO E. OF IRON FURNACE. STEEP SIDED WITH A FLATTISH BASE. CLEARLY DISTURBED BY BURROWS-SO SOME UNCERTAINTY OF SHAPE.
002DA00256 LAYER COMPLEX 0 0 0 FLAT BURNT CLAY/CHALK:TO NE. OF FURNACE 2DA 112. IS PROB A SPREAD OF FURNACE WALL MATERIAL-POSS FROM 112? SEE PHOTOs. LAYS TO N.E. OF FURNACE 112.
002DA00287 FURNACE ROUND 124 118 19 FLAT FURNACE WALL OF LARGE IRON SMELTING FURNACE.SEE NOTEBOOKS FOR DETAILS. <21CM THICK. INTERNALLY DEPTH APPROX 13CM TO FOUNDATION. LAY ON TOP OF NAT.
002DA00288 FURNACE BASE SUB-CIRCULAR 109 109 8 FLAT FOUNDATION OF LARGE FURNACE.LAYS WITHIN FURNACE WALL & SEALED BY FURNACE FLOOR. MADE OF ANGULAR CHALK FRAGS MOSTLY4-7CM LAYED ON TOP OF NAT SAND.

Objects by Context

KEY_ID OB PERIOD MATERIAL TYPE SUB_TYPE CLASS NO
002DA00112 AA   CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE LARGE PIECE   1
002DA00112 AB ANGLIAN POTTERY SHERD   ANGLIAN III 1
002DA00112 AC   CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE LARGE PIECE   1
002DA00112 AD   STONE STONE     1
002DA00112 AE MEDIEVAL POTTERY SHERD   ?MED 1
002DA00112 AF   POTTERY SHERD     1
002DA00112 AG   POTTERY SHERD     1
002DA00250 AA   CHARCOAL CHARCOAL SAMPLE LARGE PIECES   1

Animal Bone by Context

KEY_ID SPECIES ELEMENT QUANT CHEW BURN BUTCH FBRK
002DA00112 Cattle N.Cuboid 1 0 0 0 0
002DA00250 Cattle Phalanx 2 1 0 0 0 1
002DA00250 Sheep Phalanx 1 1 0 0 0 0